Abstract: Ecological judicial restoration base is a Chinese solution to realize the harmonious coexistence of human and nature and protect the ecological environment. Since the implementation of the Yangtze River Protection Law, judicial protection of the Yangtze River has been an effective path to respond to the macroscopic goal of protecting the ecological environment of the Yangtze River. In recent years, a large number of Yangtze River ecological judicial restoration bases have been established to realize the interface between administrative and judicial power centered on ecological space and as a field for the realization of ecological restoration responsibilities. As an embodiment mechanism of judicial activism, it reflects the evolution of judicial protection of the Yangtze River from the formal justice of “dispute resolution” to the substantive justice of “ecological restoration as the center” and maximizing public interests. Although the Yangtze River ecological judicial restoration base has the preliminary elements of the structure, there is room for improvement in the realization of both procedural and substantive values. In the future, the judicial restoration base of the Yangtze River should refine the procedural structure and balance the substantive interests, and uphold the stability of procedural justice and the openness of substantive justice to realize the three-dimensional ecological protection of the Yangtze River.